Parts of Speech for Class 5 Best Notes | Definitions, Examples & Exercises

Introduction

If you’ve ever tried writing a story, sentence, or even a small WhatsApp message, then congratulations—you’ve already used the Parts of Speech! They are the building blocks of English grammar.

Imagine English is like Lego. To build anything—a sentence, a paragraph, an essay—you need different types of Lego pieces. In grammar, those pieces are called Parts of Speech.

In this article, we’ll explore them all in the simplest way possible, with examples, fun explanations, and quick takeaways. Let’s begin!.

What Are Parts of Speech?

1. Noun
2. Pronoun
3. Verb
4. Adjective
5. Adverb
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection

1. Nouns – Naming Words

A noun is the name of a person, place, animal, thing, or idea.

Examples:

1. Person: teacher, Laiba, doctor
2. Place: school, Patna, zoo
3. Animal: tiger, cow
4. Thing: book, pencil
5. Idea: happiness, honesty etc.

Takeaway:

If you can put a, an, or the before a word, it’s usually a noun.

Example:

• a book
• the school

2. Pronouns – Words That Replace Nouns

A pronoun replaces a noun to avoid repetition.

Examples:

1. Instead of saying:
   Laiba is my friend. Laiba is kind.
   We say:
   Laiba is my friend. She is kind. etc.

Common pronouns: he, she, it, they, them, you, we, I

Takeaway:

Use pronouns to make sentences smooth and avoid repeating names.

3. Verbs – Action or State Words

A verb is the most important part of a sentence. It shows:

• Action: run, jump, write
• State of being: is, am, are
• Possession: have, has

Examples:

1. She runs fast.
2. They are happy.
3. I have a book. etc.

Takeaway:

A sentence cannot exist without a verb!

4. Adjectives – Describing Words

Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns.

They tell us about:

• Quality: tall, sweet, beautiful
• Quantity: many, few, some
• Number: two, five, first
• Size: big, small
• Color: red, blue
• Shape: round, square

Examples:

1. The red apple.
2. She is a kind girl.
3. He has three toys. etc.

Takeaway:

To check an adjective, ask:
Which one? What kind? How many?

5. Adverbs – Words That Describe Verbs or Adjectives

Adverbs tell us how, when, where, or how often an action happens.

Examples:

1. She sings sweetly. (How?)
2. He will come tomorrow. (When?)
3. The dog ran outside. (Where?)
4. I always wake up early. (How often?) etc.

Many adverbs end with –ly, but not all.

Takeaway:

Adverbs mostly add details to verbs.

6. Prepositions – Showing Relationships

A preposition shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word.

Common prepositions:
in, on, under, near, above, behind, between, among

Examples:

1. The cat is under the table.
2. The book is on the desk.
3. He sat between his friends. etc.

Takeaway:

If a word tells you location, position, or time, it is probably a preposition.

7. Conjunctions – Joining Words

Conjunctions join two words, phrases, or sentences.

Common conjunctions:
and, but, or, because, so

Examples:

1. Laiba and Danya are friends.
2. I want to play, but it is raining.
3. Drink water because it is hot. etc.

Takeaway:

Conjunctions help you connect ideas and avoid choppy sentences.

8. Interjections – Expressing Feelings

Interjections show sudden feelings or emotions.
They are usually followed by an exclamation mark (!).

Examples:

1. Wow!
2. Oh no!
3. Hurray!
4. Oops! etc.

Takeaway:

Interjections bring emotions to writing—just like emojis do in chats

Mind Map for Students

Parts of Speech
│
├── Noun → Names of people, places, things, animals
│     └── Example: Riya, Delhi, chair
│
├── Pronoun → Replaces a noun
│     └── Example: he, she, it, they
│
├── Verb → Shows action
│     └── Example: run, jump, eat
│
├── Adjective → Describes noun
│     └── Example: big, tall, beautiful
│
├── Adverb → Describes verb
│     └── Example: quickly, slowly
│
├── Preposition → Shows position or relation
│     └── Example: in, on, under
│
├── Conjunction → Joins words or sentences
│     └── Example: and, but, or
│
└── Interjection → Sudden feelings
      └── Example: Wow!, Oh no!

Quick Summary Table – Parts of Speech

Part of Speech	What It Does	Example
Noun	Name a person, place, or thing	school, dog
Pronoun	Replaces noun	he, they
Verb	Shows action or state	run, is
Adjective	Describes noun	tall, red
Adverb	Describes verb/adjective	quickly, always
Preposition	Shows relation	under, near
Conjunction	Joins words	and, but
Interjection	Shows feeling	wow!, oh!

Why Parts of Speech Matter for Students

Knowing parts of speech helps students:

• Speak English confidently
• Form correct sentences
• Improve writing skills
• Score higher in English exams
• Understand stories and lessons better

Real-Life Example: One Sentence Using All Parts of Speech

• Wow! (Interjection)
• She (pronoun)
• quickly (adverb)
• picked (verb)
• a red flower (adjective + noun)
• from (preposition)
• the garden,
• and (conjunction)
• smiled (verb)

Interesting Facts About Parts of Speech

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1. One English word can belong to several parts of speech!

Examples:

• Light → noun (The light is bright), adjective (a light bag), verb (Light the candle).
• Play → noun (a school play), verb (Children play outside).

This makes English fun and tricky!

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2. There are over 1,70,000 active English words.

And every single one of them belongs to a part of speech like noun, verb, adjective, etc.

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3. The shortest complete English sentence has only one word.

Example:

• “Go!”
  It’s a full sentence because it has a verb + the subject “you” understood.

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4. Interjections can be complete sentences too!

Words like Wow!, Oops!, Hurray!, and Oh no! express full emotions and can stand alone.

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5. Conjunctions are like “glue words.”

They join words, phrases, and sentences.
Without them, language would sound choppy:

• “I went. I saw. I came.”
  Conjunctions make it smooth:
• “I came, I saw, and I conquered.”

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6. English originally had more than 8 parts of speech.

Older grammars included words like articles and determinants as separate parts, but schools now teach the main 8.

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7. The most commonly used verbs in English are “be,” “have,” and “do.”

These verbs help form questions, negatives, tenses, and statements.

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8. “I” is one of the shortest words in English but extremely powerful.

It’s a pronoun, but often treated like a proper noun because it’s always written in capital letters.

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9. Adverbs don’t always end in –ly!

Many students think so, but some adverbs are:

• fast, hard, late, very

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10. Prepositions are called “little words with big jobs.”

They are small (in, on, at, by), but they completely change the meaning of sentences:

• The cat is on the table.
• The cat is under the table.
• The cat is behind the table.
  Each tells a different story!

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11. There are more than 50 common conjunctions.

The most famous ones for Class 5 are:

• and, but, or, because, so, if

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12. Adjectives and adverbs are like “flavour enhancers” in English.

Without them, writing becomes plain:

• The boy ate the food.
  With them, writing becomes rich:
• The hungry boy quickly ate the tasty food.

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13. Every meaningful sentence must have at least a noun/pronoun + verb.

Example:

• Birds fly.
• He runs.

Remove either, and the sentence is incomplete.

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14. Some pronouns never change, no matter what sentence they are in.

Example: you
It stays the same whether singular or plural.

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15. Some adjectives come before nouns, some after verbs.

• Before noun → a beautiful flower
• After verb → The flower is beautiful

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16. English speakers use an average of 20,000 words—but most daily conversations use only around 300!

These 300 belong mostly to:

• nouns
• verbs
• pronouns
• prepositions

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Activity (Exercise):

A. Fill in the Blanks.

1. A ______ is the name of a person, place, animal, or thing.
2. A ______ describes an action.
3. A ______ describes a noun.
4. Words like in, on, under are ______.
5. Words used in place of nouns are called ______.
6. Words that show strong feelings are called ______.
7. And, but, or are examples of ______.
8. Wow! is an example of an ______.

Answers

1. noun
2. verb
3. adjective
4. prepositions
5. pronouns
6. interjections
7. conjunctions
8. interjection

B. Identify the Parts of Speech

Write whether the underlined word is a noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, or interjection.

1. She is my best friend.
2. The tall boy won the race.
3. Birds can fly high.
4. The cat is sitting under the table.
5. Rohan and Ravi came, but they left early.
6. Wow! That magic trick was amazing.
7. My brother runs quickly.

Answers

1. She — Pronoun
2. tall — Adjective
3. fly — Verb
4. under — Preposition
5. but — Conjunction
6. Wow! — Interjection
7. quickly — Adverb

C. Match the following.

1. Noun — (a) joins words
2. Verb — (b) naming word
3. Adjective — (c) action word
4. Conjunction — (d) describes a noun
5. Preposition — (e) shows position

Answers

1. → (b) naming word
2. → (c) action word
3. → (d) describes a noun
4. → (a) joins words
5. → (e) shows position

D. Rewrite the sentences using Pronouns

1. Danya is studying because Danya has an exam tomorrow.
2. The book is new. The book belongs to Abdullah.
3. The dogs were barking loudly. The dogs were hungry.

Answers

1. Danya is studying because she has an exam tomorrow.
2. The book is new. It belongs to Abdullah.
3. The dogs were barking loudly. They were hungry.

E. Make Sentences

1. Use the noun “garden” in a sentence.
2. Use the verb “jump” in a sentence.
3. Use the adjective “beautiful” in a sentence.

Answers

1. I planted new flowers in my garden.
2. Children love to jump on the trampoline.
3. The peacock has beautiful feathers.

F. Choose the correct option

1. Which is a verb?
   • a) green
   • b) dance
   • c) table
2. Which is a conjunction?
   • a) or
   • b) in
   • c) she
3. Which is an adjective?
   • a) quickly
   • b) happy
   • c) dog
4. Which is a pronoun?
   • a) he
   • b) red
   • c) run

Answers

1. b) dance
2. a) or
3. b) happy
4. a) he

G. Short Questions

1. What is a noun?
2. What is an adjective?
3. What is the function of a conjunction?
4. What are interjections? Give one example.
5. What is the difference between a verb and an adverb?

Answers

1. A noun is the name of a person, place, animal, or thing.
2. An adjective describes or tells more about a noun.
3. A conjunction joins words, phrases, or sentences.
4. Interjections are words that show sudden feelings or emotions. Example: Wow!
5. A verb shows an action, while an adverb describes how the action is done.

Quiz:

Coming Soon…

Supplementary Materials:

Provide downloadable materials for learners to review:

• – PDF Guide: “Coming Soon”
• – Cheat Sheet: “Coming Soon”
• – Video Source: “JNG ACADEMY“
• – Articles: “Blog Page“

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• WordPress for Beginners
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• Blogging for Beginners

Class 5 Notes:

Subjectwise Notes

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